Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41923389›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026

From Offline to Inline Without Pain: A Practical Framework for Translating Offline MR Reconstructions to Inline Deployment Using the Gadgetron Platform.

Zihan Ning, Yannick Brackenier, Sarah McElroy, Sara Neves Silva, Lucilio Cordero-Grande, Samuel Rot, Liane S Canas, Rebecca E Thornley, David Leitão, Davide Poccecai and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Zihan NingImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Yannick BrackenierImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9210-5939
Sarah McElroyImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4271-5931
Sara Neves SilvaImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0009-0009-7520-081X
Lucilio Cordero-GrandeBiomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid & CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
Samuel RotNMR Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-0940-5138
Liane S CanasImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Rebecca E ThornleyImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
David LeitãoImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5853-8602
Davide PoccecaiImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Andrew CantellImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Rene KerosiImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Anthony N PriceImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6907-7554
Jon ClearyImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Donald J TournierImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Jana HutterImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3476-3500
Philippa BridgenGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Pierluigi Di CioGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Michela CleriGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Inka GranlundGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Lucy BillimoriaGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Yasmin BlunckDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Shaihan MalikImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8925-9032
Marc ModatImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
Sebastien OurselinSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Claire J StevesGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Joseph V HajnalImaging Physics and Engineering Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.

Funding

Biomedical Research CentreChronic Disease Research FoundationEuropean Union Horizon 2020FEDER, UEGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College LondonMedical Research CouncilMICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network (CRN)Temasek TrustVersus ArthritisWellcome Leap Dynamic Resilience ProgrammeWellcome TrustZoe Ltd
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo develop and validate a practical, open-source framework to overcome common issues in inline deployment of established offline MR reconstruction, including (1) scan disruption from lengthy reconstructions, (2) limited support for multi-scan input reconstructions, (3) needs to adapt scripts for different raw-data formats, and (4) limited guidance and experience in retaining scanner reconstructions and applying scanner-based post-processing to custom-reconstructed images.

methodsThe framework builds upon the Gadgetron platform as implemented on Siemens scanners and includes: (1) a general input converter to convert Gadgetron-used ISMRMRD format raw into a Siemens format raw structure, facilitating reuse of code; (2) an asynchronous trigger-and-retrieve mechanism enabling long custom reconstructions without delaying scanner processes; (3) resource-aware scheduling for parallel execution of reconstructions; (4) integrated file management to support multi-scan inputs; and (5) preservation of scanner-based reconstructions and post-processing. The framework was validated on 2 Siemens scanners for SENSE, AlignedSENSE, and NUFFT reconstructions, and in a large-cohort study.

resultsMinimum code modification for inline deployment was demonstrated, and all reconstructions were successfully executed inline without disrupting scanner workflows. Images were retrieved automatically via retrieval scans or manually via retro-reconstruction, with scanner-based post-processing applied to custom outputs. Multi-sequence reconstructions were executed using GPU-aware scheduling, confirming feasibility for large-scale applications. In 480 examinations, inline reconstructions were retrieved in 99% of cases without disruptions.

conclusionThe framework lowers the technical barrier to inline deployment of offline reconstructions, enabling robust, scalable, and post-processing-compatible integration. It is openly available with documentation and demonstration cases to support reproducibility and community adoption.

Indexed as

Image Interpretation, Computer-AssistedImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingSoftwareAlgorithmsHumansReproducibility of Resultsinline MR reconstructionMR translationopen platform for reconstruction

Identifiers

PMID41923389
PMCPMC13156422

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.