Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
The impact of ChatGPT on preoperative anxiety and postoperative depression in cesarean section: a prospective randomized trial.
Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrating ChatGPT, a large language model–based tool, with standard physician consultations on preoperative anxiety and postoperative depression in women undergoing elective cesarean section (C/S).
methodsA prospective, randomized study was conducted at two tertiary university hospitals between September 2023 and November 2024. Pregnant women scheduled for elective C/S were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (ChatGPT plus physician consultation) or the control group (physician consultation only). Anxiety and depression levels were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I and STAI-II) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Postoperative pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). ChatGPT responses were also independently assessed for medical accuracy. Statistical comparisons were made using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests.
resultsA total of 300 participants were included (150 per group). Baseline characteristics and psychological scores were comparable between groups. After the intervention, STAI-I scores were significantly lower in the ChatGPT group compared to the control group (median: 24 vs. 30, p = 0.012), indicating reduced preoperative anxiety. No significant differences were found in postpartum EPDS scores (median: 9 vs. 11, p = 0.797) or pain scores. ChatGPT responses were rated appropriate or accurate in over 90% of cases.
conclusionChatGPT can serve as an effective supplementary tool to reduce preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing elective cesarean sections. By enabling direct patient engagement and delivering medically accurate information, it holds promise as a valuable adjunct to traditional obstetric care.
trial registrationISRCTN registry, ISRCTN55131007, registered on 06 March 2026, retrospectively registered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.