Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41923122›Full record

ArticleMicrobiome2026

Porphyromonas gingivalis induces intestinal inflammation through gingipain-dependent gut microbiome dysbiosis.

Ming Li, Jiyun Cui, Ru Qu, Rulong Liu, Yifan Sun, Ping Li, Juan Liu, Adrian Low, Xiaochang Huang, Fei Gan and 1 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Inter-Organ Communication in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Systemic Modifiers of a Lung-Centered Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Serum antibody titers againstFrontiers in oral health · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ming LiShenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Jiyun CuiHubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Science, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Ru QuState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
Rulong LiuState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
Yifan SunState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
Ping LiInstitute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, China.
Juan LiuState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
Adrian LowDepartment of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
Xiaochang HuangState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi, China.
Fei GanHubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Science, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Zhenjiang Zech XuShenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. zhenjiang.xu@gmail.com.

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Anhui Province 2025AHGXZK40069
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPorphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a key pathogen in periodontitis, is implicated in various systemic diseases such as pancreatic cancer and Alzheimer's disease. However, as a periodontal pathogen that can directly enter the lower gastrointestinal tract via saliva, its potential impact on the gut microbiome, intestinal inflammation, and its underlying mechanisms remains largely elusive.

resultsHere, we observed that oral administration of Pg exacerbates intestinal inflammation in mice by inducing gut microbiome dysbiosis, increasing Th17 cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of Th17 activity with GSK805 or an anti-IL-17A blocking antibody mitigated this inflammatory response, highlighting the mediating role of Th17 cells. Gingipains, the virulence factors of Pg, played a crucial role in this process. Sequential knockout of gingipain genes revealed a gradual reduction in inflammatory phenotypes, with statistically significant alleviation observed when all three gingipain genes were deleted. Co-housing experiments showed that gut microbiota remodeling effectively protected against Th17-driven inflammatory response. Furthermore, immunization with inactivated Pg effectively prevented gut microbiome dysbiosis and Th17 cell-mediated inflammation.

conclusionOur findings suggest that Pg may exacerbate intestinal inflammation, potentially via its gingipain virulence proteases, which are linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and enhanced Th17-mediated immune responses. These results suggest that gingipains could be promising targets for further investigation in Pg-associated intestinal disorders. Video Abstract.

Indexed as

Bacteroidaceae InfectionsDysbiosisGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGingipain Cysteine EndopeptidasesInflammationPorphyromonas gingivalisAnimalsCytokinesIntestinesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPeriodontitisTh17 CellsVirulence FactorsCytokinesGingipain Cysteine EndopeptidasesVirulence FactorsGingipainImmunizationIntestinal inflammationPorphyromonas gingivalisTh17 cells

Identifiers

PMID41923122
PMCPMC13181988

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.