Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41922370›Full record

ArticleNPJ systems biology and applications2026

A double-staining automated flow cytometry method for real-time monitoring of bacteria in continuous bioreactors.

Juan López-Gálvez, Erik Schönfelder, Hanna Mayer, Konstanze Schiessl, Marisa O D Silva, Hauke Harms, Susann Müller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ systems biology and applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Juan López-GálvezDepartment of Applied Microbial Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Erik SchönfelderDepartment of Applied Microbial Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Hanna MayerDepartment of Applied Microbial Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Konstanze SchiesslonCyt Microbiology AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland.
Marisa O D SilvaonCyt Microbiology AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland.
Hauke HarmsDepartment of Applied Microbial Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Susann MüllerDepartment of Applied Microbial Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany. susann.mueller@ufz.de.

Funding

Horizon 2020 No 101000733
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In biotechnological processes, cell density and physiology are critical parameters for controlling the feed rate, harvest time, and process performance. We developed an automated flow cytometry approach that enables continuous, real-time (fully automated, hourly) monitoring of bacterial populations in continuous bioreactors. The method employed a double-staining protocol that combined DAPI to assess total DNA content and Alexa Fluor 488-EdU via Click-iT technology to identify the proportions of cells undergoing active DNA replication through EdU incorporation. The integrated workflow included fixation, permeabilization, staining, and measurement steps and was applied to three Gram-negative strains: Bradyrhizobium sp., Escherichia coli, and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila. Automated analysis captured growth dynamics and cell cycle progression, providing insights into population behavior under different dilution rates. In this study, automated on-line sampling enabled hourly flow cytometry measurements of cell concentration and physiological indicators during continuous cultivation, supporting real-time monitoring and control in industrial biotechnology.

Indexed as

BacteriaBioreactorsFlow CytometryAutomationEscherichia coliStaining and Labeling

Identifiers

PMID41922370
PMCPMC13046813

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.