Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41922304›Full record

ArticleChild: care, health and development2026

Building From a Stable Foundation? Understanding Stability Skill Proficiency in British Children in the First Year of School.

Michael J Duncan, Matteo Crotti, Katie Fitton Davies, Eileen Africa, Ricardo Martins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Child: care, health and development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Michael J DuncanCentre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Matteo CrottiDepartment of Human and Social Science, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
Katie Fitton DaviesResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1853-9667
Eileen AfricaDivision of Movement Science and Exercise Therapy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Ricardo MartinsFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveStability skill proficiency is purported to be below the norm in children. However, no process-oriented proficiency data are available examining this issue. This study assessed stability skill proficiency in British children. MATERIALS AND

methodsStability skill proficiency of 243 (116 boys and 127 girls) English children aged 4-5 years was assessed using the Test of Stability Skills. Stability skill proficiency was classed as proficient, near proficient and poor.

resultsApproximately 60% did not achieve proficiency in any of the three stability skills. Only three children (1.2%) were proficient in all three stability skills. Individual skill proficiency was poor, with proficiency of the roll, rock and back support being 10.3%, 4.9% and 8.2%, respectively.

conclusionThis study provides preliminary normative data for process-oriented stability skill in British children aged 4-5 years. As stability skill is a prerequisite for the development of other gross motor skills, such information is important in effective targeting for stability skill intervention.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentMotor SkillsPostural BalanceChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleUnited Kingdombalancefundamental movement skillsmotor competenceproficiency

Identifiers

PMID41922304
PMCPMC13043323

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.