Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41920179›Full record

ArticleNano letters2026

Nanoscale Mapping Reveals Periodic Organization of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Proteins.

Moritz Winkler, Till G A Mack, Britta J Eickholt, Jan Schmoranzer, Garth Lawrence Burn, Niclas Gimber

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nano letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Moritz WinklerDepartment of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Till G A MackInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Britta J EickholtInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Jan SchmoranzerAdvanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility (AMBIO), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4482-7080
Garth Lawrence BurnDepartment of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Niclas GimberAdvanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility (AMBIO), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9456-3063

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neutrophils are essential cells of the innate immune system that release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) via NETosis. This specialized cell death pathway extrudes decondensed chromatin into the extracellular space. NET formation contributes to antimicrobial defense and coagulation, whereas dysregulated NETosis drives cancer, coagulopathy, and autoimmune diseases. Here we present a workflow combining optimized sample preparation, super-resolution imaging, and quantitative bioimage analysis to investigate the nanoscale organization of NETs. Our newly developed analysis tool, NanoNET, facilitates the NET protein binding pattern analysis. We identified specific NET proteins, including neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3), that bind along DNA strands in a periodic fashion and are highly colocalized with nucleosomes, suggesting docking onto or around these structures. The workflow and analysis tools represent a significant methodological advance for studying protein distributions along NETs and filamentous structures in general. Understanding the NET filament organization is a critical step toward elucidating their formation and function.

Indexed as

Extracellular TrapsLeukocyte ElastaseNeutrophilsDNAHumansImmunity, InnateNucleosomesDNALeukocyte ElastaseNucleosomesinnate immunityNeutrophil extracellular trapssingle-molecule localization microscopystimulated emission depletion microscopystructured illumination microscopysuper-resolution microscopy

Identifiers

PMID41920179
PMCPMC13088356

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.