ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2026
Comparison of human intestinal enteroid and zebrafish larva models for replication of human norovirus.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Norovirus inter-species transmission in an ex vivo model is dependent on virus internalization capacity.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Stage-Specific Tulane Virus Replication in Zebrafish: Permissive in Embryos, Restricted in Larvae.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- Antiviral strategies against human norovirus: Molecular targets, therapeutics, and vaccine development.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Human intestinal enteroid (HIE) and zebrafish larva (ZF) models support the replication of certain strains of human norovirus (HuNoV), the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. The replication of 17 HuNoV-positive stool specimens (nine genotypes) from patients ranging from 5 months to 83 years old was evaluated in both HIE and ZF models. The yolk of 3-day post-fertilization ZF larvae was microinjected with 3 nL 10% clarified stool suspension. Each day post-infection (dpi), 10 larvae were pooled as one sample, and two specimens were collected daily until 5 dpi. Viral RNA was extracted from harvested larvae and quantified using reverse transcription (RT) droplet digital PCR. For the HIE model, J4FUT2 K1 enteroid monolayers were inoculated with 100-fold dilution of each stool specimen. Viral RNA levels were quantified at 1 and 72 h post-infection using RT real-time PCR. All genogroup (G) I specimens (
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