Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41919512›Full record

ArticlePain research & management2026

Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy in Rats With Nitroglycerin/Inflammatory Soup-Induced Migraine: A Comparative Study.

Wen-Xiu Sun, Ting-Yan Chen, Mao-Mei Song, Ying-Jie Gao, Sui-Yi Xu

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pain research & management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wen-Xiu SunDepartment of Neurology, Headache Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4758-9156
Ting-Yan ChenDepartment of Neurology, Headache Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0691-5578
Mao-Mei SongDepartment of Neurology, Headache Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9288-8726
Ying-Jie GaoDepartment of Neurology, Headache Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2061-7111
Sui-Yi XuDepartment of Neurology, Headache Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-011X

Funding

Shanxi Basic Research Program 202303021221222
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveOxidative stress leads to mitochondrial DNA, protein, and lipid damage, ultimately resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Decreased mitophagy leads to the continuous accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which further induces oxidative stress and cellular damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction and an imbalance between energy supply and demand may lead to increased migraine susceptibility. However, there have been no comparative studies from the perspective of oxidative stress and mitophagy.

methodMale Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, NTG (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, Days 1/3/5/7), and IS (epidural infusion, 7 days) groups (n = 10, per group). Paw mechanical thresholds, migraine-like behaviors (head-face scratching, body grooming, exploration, and freezing time), and oxidative markers (malondialdehyde, catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis were assessed. The expressions of PINK1, Parkin, LC3II/I, TOMM20, and COXIV were evaluated to quantify levels of mitophagy.

resultsBoth NTG/IS models reduced mechanical thresholds, but NTG induced stronger head scratching and freezing time. Oxidative stress markers diverged: NTG elevated malondialdehyde and depleted reduced glutathione/superoxide dismutase, while IS primarily reduced superoxide dismutase. Both models exhibited a decreased LC3II/I ratio as well as reduced PINK1 and Parkin.

conclusionNTG/IS administration comparatively decreased the mechanical threshold, increased the level of oxidative stress, and decreased the level of mitophagy in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis in migraine rats.

Indexed as

Migraine DisordersMitophagyNitroglycerinOxidative StressAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalGlutathioneMaleMalondialdehydeRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySuperoxide DismutaseUbiquitin-Protein LigasesGlutathioneMalondialdehydeNitroglycerinparkin proteinSuperoxide DismutaseUbiquitin-Protein Ligasesantioxidantmitochondrial metabolismoxidative stressrat migraine modeltrigeminal nuclear caudalis

Identifiers

PMID41919512
PMCPMC13042334

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