ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
The ovulation trigger method affects gonadotropin concentrations and gonadotropin receptor expression during final oocyte maturation in women.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Empty Follicle Syndrome: Current Therapeutic Approaches and the Role of Triggering Agents in Assisted Reproductive Technology.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Prevalence of an endogenous LH rise following final GnRH antagonist dose in the IVF antagonist protocol.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2026Article
- Follicular development during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle: the enigma of luteinizing hormone receptor function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- LHCGR phamacodynamic effects during follicular maturation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Re-assessment of the therapeutic LH window in normogonadotropic IVF patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) are widely used for final maturation of follicles in fertility treatment, yet the detailed dynamics of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH)/hCG and their receptor expression (i.e. FSHR and LHR) during the ovulatory process remain insufficiently characterized. Material and methods: This prospective, single-center study included 50 women undergoing ovarian stimulation during 2016-2018. Each participant contributed one follicle aspirated at T = 0,12,17 or 32h after trigger administration (0.5 mg GnRHa (buserelin) or 6,500 IU hCG) and a second follicle aspirated at oocyte pickup (T = 36h). Follicular fluid (FF) and plasma were analyzed for gonadotropins, and granulosa cells for Results: GnRHa triggered a rapid endogenous surge in plasma: LH peaked at ≈120-140 IU/L at 12h and remained elevated until 36h; FSH rose from ≈17 to ≈25 IU/L within 12h. In FF, LH exceeded 100 IU/L at 17 h, whereas FSH remained low with a small peak at 12h (8-9 IU/L). With hCG triggering, circulating FSH declined to ≈40% of baseline by 17h, while FF FSH was constantly low (≈5 IU/L) and unchanged. FF hCG concentrations increased sharply between 17-32h. Consequently, LH appeared earlier (12-17h) in FF than hCG (17-32h). Discussion: GnRHa induces a stronger and more physiologic gonadotropin surge than commonly assumed, with timely entry of LH and FSH into FF coinciding with high
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