Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918581›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2026

Academic and social engagement outcomes of autistic students in general education classrooms: challenges with implementing inclusive practices to enhance quality of life.

Karrie A Shogren, Tyler A Hicks, Hsiang Yu Chien, Lindsay F Rentschler, Lauren Bruno, Kara A Hume

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Karrie A ShogrenKansas University Center on Disabilities, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS, United States.
Tyler A HicksKansas University Center on Disabilities, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS, United States.
Hsiang Yu ChienKansas University Center on Disabilities, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS, United States.
Lindsay F RentschlerKansas University Center on Disabilities, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS, United States.
Lauren BrunoKansas University Center on Disabilities, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS, United States.
Kara A HumeDepartment of Applied Development Science and Special Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Advancing inclusive supports that promote the academic and social engagement of autistic high school students is a priority. However, there is a need for comprehensive approaches that can address persistent implementation barriers. This study reports on the impact of a comprehensive intervention model that combined the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction and Peer Supports (SDLMI + PS). SDLMI + PS focuses on building supports for autistic high school students and their peers across general and special education. Methods: This study reports on the impact of a comprehensive intervention model that combined the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction and Peer Supports (SDLMI + PS). SDLMI + PS focuses on building supports for autistic high school students and their peers across general and special education. In this study, we examined the impact of this approach on autistic students' academic and social engagement, as well as how able general and special educators were to implement this approach. Results: Overall, findings suggest that autistic high school students served primarily in general education classrooms experience low levels of social engagement and high levels of academic engagement throughout an academic year. The combined SDLMI + PS approach had small impacts on social and academic engagement worthy of future research when compared to SDLMI Only or PS only. Teachers, especially general educators, however, faced implementation barriers that warrant future attention to identify implementation strategies that can enhance the adoption and sustained use of collaborative practices that advance inclusion and quality of life as key priorities in high schools. Discussion: Future directions that respect the right to self-determination and social engagement, aligned with the strengths, visions, and priorities of autistic youth, are discussed.

Indexed as

academic engagementautistic adolescentsinclusive practicespeer supportself-determinationsocial engagement

Identifiers

PMID41918581
PMCPMC13033502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.