ArticleAnnals of medicine2026
Nomogram for predicting inadequate treatment response in vertebral osteomyelitis.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is frequently complicated by inadequate treatment response (ITR), resulting in prolonged hospitalisation and recurrence. No validated tool currently exists for early ITR risk prediction. PURPOSE: To develop and internally validate a nomogram for predicting ITR probability in patients with VO. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective study consecutively enrolled 219 patients with vertebral osteomyelitis who were admitted to the Department of Orthopaedics at Shandong Public Health Clinical Centre between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024; all data were extracted and analysed in October 2025.ITR was defined as clinical, microbiological, or radiological progression despite ≥4 weeks of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Predictors were selected using LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression. Nomogram performance was assessed by AUC, calibration curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, decision curve analysis (DCA), and 1000 bootstrap resamples for internal validation.
resultsFifty-one patients (23.3%) developed ITR within 6 months. Six independent predictors were identified: intraspinal abscess, paraspinal abscess, spinal implant, concomitant pneumonia, low prealbumin, and multiple-site infections. The nomogram yielded excellent discrimination (AUC 0.909, 95% CI 0.862-0.956), confirmed by bootstrap validation (AUC 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.95). At the optimal cutoff of 0.308, sensitivity was 76.5%, specificity 91%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 70%, and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 93.2%. Calibration was satisfactory (Hosmer-Lemeshow
conclusionWe developed the first validated nomogram for individualised ITR risk prediction in VO, enabling early therapeutic intensification and potentially improving clinical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.