ArticleImmunology and cell biology2026
IL-1β and IL-6 synergistically drive murine TFH cell differentiation and maintenance in vitro.
Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T follicular helper (TFH) cells are critical in supporting B-cell responses, which ultimately establish long-term protective immunity against infection and some cancers by producing protective B cells, including antibody-secreting cells and memory cells. However, this same GC output can also promote autoimmune pathology. Therefore, TFH cells are at the core of humoral immunity, underscoring TFH cells as targets for long-term protective and/or pathologic immune responses. Here we define conditions that promote physiologically relevant TFH cell differentiation in vitro. We demonstrate that in addition to T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, IL-6 and IL-1β individually and jointly promote TFH cell differentiation. These findings highlight key requirements for generating functional TFH cells, providing a model to study therapeutic impacts on TFH cells across diverse disease settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.