Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918196›Full record

ArticleCurrent medical imaging2026

Recurrent Pulmonary Nodules, from Pulmonary Cryptococcosis to ANCAAssociated Vasculitis: A Case Report

Xingxing Zhu, Xiaohong Wu, Yahong Sun, Shengjie Wu, Jilin Zeng, Zhihao Liu, Jing Zheng, Qifan He

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Current medical imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xingxing ZhuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haining Hospital of Jiaxing University, Haining People's Hospital, Haining, China.
Xiaohong WuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Yahong SunDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haining Hospital of Jiaxing University, Haining People's Hospital, Haining, China.
Shengjie WuDepartment of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jilin ZengDepartment of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Zhihao LiuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haining Hospital of Jiaxing University, Haining People's Hospital, Haining, China.
Jing ZhengDepartment of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Qifan HeDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Haining Hospital of Jiaxing University, Haining People's Hospital, Jiaxing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOn chest Computed Tomography (CT), pulmonary cryptococcosis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) can both present as multiple non-cavitating pulmonary nodules. As a result, when such nodules worsen during antifungal therapy in a patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis, it is difficult to determine whether this represents progression of the infection or the development of concomitant AAV, posing a significant diagnostic challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: A 67-year-old man presented with multiple non-cavitating pulmonary nodules and was diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis. He completed a full course of antifungal therapy with clinical and radiologic improvement, and treatment was discontinued. After stopping therapy, he relapsed with the same pattern of multiple non-cavitating pulmonary nodules. Restarting antifungal therapy led to regression of the lesions. Unexpectedly, during antifungal maintenance therapy, he again developed multiple non-cavitating pulmonary nodules. Laboratory testing showed positivity for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA), supporting a diagnosis of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), a subtype of AAV. After discontinuation of antifungal therapy and treatment with prednisone plus mycophenolate mofetil, the pulmonary nodules showed marked regression.

conclusionMultiple non-cavitating pulmonary nodules can be an atypical presentation of MPA and overlap radiologically with pulmonary cryptococcosis. Accurate differentiation should integrate ANCA serology with careful assessment for involvement of other organ systems.

Indexed as

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated VasculitisCryptococcosisLung Diseases, FungalMultiple Pulmonary NodulesAgedAntibodies, Antineutrophil CytoplasmicAntifungal AgentsDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansMaleRecurrenceTomography, X-Ray ComputedAntibodies, Antineutrophil CytoplasmicAntifungal AgentsAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitisCase report.Computed tomographyMicroscopic polyangiitisPulmonary cryptococcosisPulmonary nodule

Identifiers

PMID41918196
PMCPMC13587118

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.