Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41917624›Full record

ReviewAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2026

Development of the Muscular and Skeletal System During Adolescence.

Romina Ledergerber, Moritz Schumann, Ralf Roth

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Romina LedergerberDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. romina.ledergerber@unibas.ch.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1505-1188
Moritz SchumannSchool of Medicine and Health, Experimental Exercise Science, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9605-3489
Ralf RothDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6004

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The musculoskeletal system undergoes rapid and complex changes during adolescence, driven by mechanical, hormonal, and genetic factors. Among these changes, the development of muscle and the accrual of peak bone mass play a pivotal role in determining long-term physical health and performance capacity. This chapter comprehensively examines the development of muscles, tendons, bones, and joints during this critical life stage, emphasizing key mechanisms such as mechanotransduction, fiber type transitions, and bone remodeling. It explores the interplay of modifiable factors, including physical activity, nutrition, and environmental context, with nonmodifiable determinants such as sex, hormones, and genetics. Particular attention is given to the differential adaptation rates of muscle and tendon, sex-specific injury risks, and the impact of energy availability on tissue development. The chapter integrates recent findings on overuse, underload, and functional adaptations to guide evidence-based strategies aimed at promoting lifelong musculoskeletal health and performance.

Indexed as

Adolescent DevelopmentMuscle DevelopmentMuscle, SkeletalMusculoskeletal DevelopmentAdaptation, PhysiologicalAdolescentAnimalsBone and BonesBone DevelopmentHumansMechanotransduction, CellularTendonsAdolescenceBone developmentHormonal regulationInjury riskMechanotransductionMuscle growthMusculoskeletal systemPeak bone massPhysical activityPubertySkeletal healthTendon adaptationTraining

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.