Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41917315›Full record

ArticleJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2026

Reported Availability, Additional Cost and Use of Methods to Limit Cross-Contact of Gluten-Free Foods in Restaurants in a Canadian Large Urban Centre.

Danielle Defries, Caitlynn Danchuk, Jo-Ann Stebbing, Jay C Petkau, Heather Blewett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Reported Availability, Additional Cost and Use of Methods to Limit Cross-Contact of Gluten-Free Foods in Restaurants in a Canadian Large Urban Centre.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Danielle DefriesDepartment of Kinesiology and Applied Health, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Caitlynn DanchukDepartment of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Jo-Ann StebbingAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Government of Canada, Route 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada.
Jay C PetkauAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Government of Canada, Route 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada.
Heather BlewettDepartment of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8069-2665

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe availability and cost of gluten-free (GF) products in grocery stores and online have increased in recent years, but less is known about availability and cost of GF menu items in restaurants, as well as whether methods are being implemented to limit cross-contact (CC) of GF with gluten-containing menu items. The purpose of this study was to assess the reported availability, additional cost and use of methods to limit cross-contact (CC) of GF items in restaurants in Winnipeg, Canada.

methodsRestaurant staff were asked over the telephone if they served GF items, if there was an additional cost for these items and if they used methods to limit gluten CC. Chi-squared (X

resultsOf the 548 restaurants surveyed, 69% reported offering GF items. A higher proportion of full-service restaurants (73%) reported offering GF foods compared to quick-service restaurants (55%). A lower proportion of full-service restaurants that served GF foods reported a surcharge (22%) compared to quick-service restaurants (48%). Similarly, a lower proportion of full-service restaurants that served GF foods reported using methods to limit CC (79%) compared to quick-service restaurants that served GF foods (90%). A higher proportion of chain restaurants reported GF menu options (78%), additional charge for GF foods (41%) and using methods to limit CC (89%) compared to local restaurants (67%, 22%, 78%, respectively). The type of cuisine significantly affected the proportion of restaurants reporting GF item availability, surcharges and whether methods were used to limit CC.

conclusionsAvailability of GF foods, cost and use of procedures to limit gluten CC vary based on type of service, locality, and cuisine served.

Indexed as

Diet, Gluten-FreeFood SupplyRestaurantsCanadaCosts and Cost AnalysisGlutensHumansManitobaGlutensavailabilitycostcross‐contactgluten‐freerestaurants

Identifiers

PMID41917315
PMCPMC13038819

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.