Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41917216›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Study on physico-mechanical properties and damage constitutive model of sandstone-like materials.

Shuai Zhang, Weiguo Qiao, Weijie Song, Mingbin Wang, Haozheng Wang, Yue Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shuai ZhangSchool of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China. zhangshuai@ldu.edu.cn.
Weiguo QiaoShandong Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
Weijie SongShandong Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
Mingbin WangSchool of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
Haozheng WangYantai Municipal Maintenance Center, Yantai, 264025, China.
Yue WuShandong Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.

Funding

Higher Education Scientific Research Project 2024 24SY0104National Natural Science Foundation of China 51474135 and 51774192Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation ZR2022QE134
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Scientific and rational selection of rock-like materials plays a critically important role in geotechnical model tests. This study conducted physical and mechanical property tests on three types of sandstone, analyzing their microstructural characteristics and physical-mechanical behaviors. A similar material simulating sandstone, composed of cement, quartz sand, iron concentrate powder, gypsum, and pure water, was proposed. Uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were performed on specimens of this sandstone-similar material. The optimal mix proportion of the similar material was determined, and a damage constitutive model for it was established. The results indicate that the clay mineral composition of all three sandstones is dominated by quartz, feldspar, and rock fragments, with the fine-grained sandstone exhibiting the highest quartz content. The pore structure of coarse-grained and medium-grained sandstones underwent significant changes after water absorption, with their dense flaky structure becoming notably loosened, whereas the pore structure of fine-grained sandstone showed little difference after absorption. The optimal mix proportion for the sandstone-similar material was determined as follows: aggregate (quartz sand + iron concentrate powder) accounting for 70% of the solid mass (quartz sand + iron ore concentrate + cement + gypsum), the aggregate component ratio (quartz sand : iron ore concentrate) being 2:1, the binder component ratio (cement : gypsum) being 1:0, and a water mixing ratio of 25%. A strain-softening damage statistical constitutive model for the sandstone-similar material was established, and verification shows that this model accurately reflects the stress-strain relationship of the material under triaxial compression conditions.

Indexed as

Constitutive modelPhysical and mechanical propertiesRock-like materialSandstone

Identifiers

PMID41917216
PMCPMC13186966

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