ArticleMolecular genetics and genomics : MGG2026
Genomic and functional landscape of antimicrobial peptides and lipopeptides from ginger honey-derived Bacillus subtilis.
Article in Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Honey represents a unique ecological niche that harbors microorganisms with unexplored antimicrobial potential. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and genomically evaluate Bacillus subtilis strains from multifloral ginger honey to assess their capacity for producing antimicrobial compounds and peptides. Two strains, Miodo8 and Miodo10, were characterized using phenotypic assays and whole-genome sequencing. Crude extracts obtained from optimized yeast peptone dextrose (YPD) fermentations demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity primarily against Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Listeria monocytogenes. Genome analysis revealed approximately 112 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and multiple biosynthetic gene clusters predicted to encode surfactin, fengycin, plipastatin, bacillibactin, bacillaene, subtilosin A, and pelgipeptin. The genomes also contained mobile genetic elements and prophages, indicating substantial genomic plasticity and potential horizontal gene exchange. Resistome analysis identified intrinsic and acquired determinants associated with resistance to bacitracin and selected aminoglycosides. Proteome-wide screening of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with PyAMPA predicted several high-confidence AMPs with canonical cationic and hydrophobic properties. Integrating phenotypic and genomic evidence demonstrates that honey-derived B. subtilis strains represent promising sources of antimicrobial metabolites and peptide candidates. Future studies require focusing on targeted metabolomic validation, structural characterization of predicted AMPs, and comprehensive safety assessment to enable biotechnological and therapeutic applications.
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