Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41916981›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

CXCR3 is associated with T-cell-induced heart damage in acute rheumatic fever.

Francis M Middleton, Reuben McGregor, Natalie Lorenz, Sarah Kilian, Anna E S Brooks, Saem Mul Park, Ciara Ramiah, Judith Tresidder, Timothy C Barnett, Michael Serralha and 13 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Francis M MiddletonDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Reuben McGregorDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. reuben.mcgregor@auckland.ac.nz.ORCID 0000-0003-0684-7635
Natalie LorenzDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-5480-1714
Sarah KilianDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0009-0006-5177-8420
Anna E S BrooksMaurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Saem Mul ParkMaurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Ciara RamiahDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Judith TresidderStarship Children's Hospital, Health New Zealand-Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand.
Timothy C BarnettThe Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Michael SerralhaThe Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
William J MartinIndependent Advisor, Wellington, New Zealand.
Florina Chan MowKidz First Children's Hospital, Health New Zealand-Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand.
Glenn PearsonThe Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Mark MayoMenzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
David I BroadhurstSchool of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0775-9581
Julie BennettDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Johann BrinkStarship Children's Hospital, Health New Zealand-Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand.
Nigel J WilsonStarship Children's Hospital, Health New Zealand-Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand.
Anna P RalphMenzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
Rachel H WebbStarship Children's Hospital, Health New Zealand-Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand.
P Rod DunbarMaurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Jonathan CarapetisThe Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Nicole J MorelandDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. n.moreland@auckland.ac.nz.ORCID 0000-0001-6548-637X

Funding

Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) APP1147531Manatu Hauora | Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC) 20-374
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is poorly understood, limiting the development of immune-modulating therapies to treat disease and prevent progressive heart damage. Here, participants with definite ARF were compared to other severe acute paediatric conditions and matched healthy controls by profiling circulating immune molecules and cells to inform disease mechanisms and potential druggable pathways. ARF shared immunological similarities with other inflammatory conditions, including elevated serum IL-6 and an increased frequency of circulating CD4

Indexed as

Receptors, CXCR3Rheumatic FeverT-LymphocytesAdolescentCase-Control StudiesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChemokine CCL5ChildFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GInterleukin-6MaleT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryCCL5 protein, humanChemokine CCL5CXCR3 protein, humanImmunoglobulin GInterleukin-6Receptors, CXCR3

Identifiers

PMID41916981
PMCPMC13201666

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.