ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2026
Changes of Serum VEGF, VEGFR2 and Their Relationship with Pathogenic Bacterial Infection, and Wound Healing in Patients After Anal Fistula Surgery.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPostoperative infection is a major cause of delayed wound healing after anal fistula surgery. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) are key regulators of angiogenesis and tissue repair.
methodsThis retrospective study included 146 patients undergoing anal fistula surgery. Serum VEGF and VEGFR2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, pathogenic bacteria were identified by wound culture, and recovery outcomes, including Wexner score and wound-healing status, were extracted from postoperative follow-up records. Receiver operating characteristic analysis evaluated the diagnostic value of VEGF and VEGFR2.
resultsPathogenic bacterial infection was identified in 39 patients (26.7%). Compared with noninfected patients, infected patients showed significantly postoperative increases in VEGF and VEGFR2. On day 3, both biomarkers remained lower, and their combined analysis achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy. On day 3, serum VEGF and VEGFR2 levels were markedly lower in the infection group, while their combined analysis achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy. Patients with higher postoperative VEGF-VEGFR2 levels showed better recovery of anal sphincter function and faster wound healing.
conclusionPostoperative infection was associated with lower VEGF-VEGFR2 expression, suggesting an attenuated angiogenic response in infected patients. Combined evaluation of VEGF and VEGFR2 may provide an early indicator of infection risk and poor postoperative recovery after anal fistula surgery.
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