ArticleCureus2026
Abnormal Trophoblast Invasion in Early-Onset Preeclampsia: The Involvement of Cystathionine β-Synthase, Specificity Protein 1 and microRNA-22.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dysregulation of decidual NK cell proliferation by impaired decidual cells: a potential contributor to excessive trophoblast invasion in placenta accreta spectrum.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Miro2 sulfhydration by CBS/HCell death & disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine and compare the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) 1, 2, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), specificity protein 1 (Sp1), and microRNA-22 (miR-22) in the early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) patients and normotensive controls at both transcriptional and translational levels.
methodsThe study was carried out on EOPE women (n=50) as cases, and normotensive, non-proteinuric pregnant women (n=50) as controls, enrolled at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Expression/levels of MMPs 2, 9, TIMPs 1, 2, CBS, Sp1, and miR-22 were determined in venous blood. Thirty cesarean-delivered placentae (15 each of EOPE patients and controls) were collected to analyze the expression/levels of the markers in the tissue.
resultsSignificantly reduced mRNA and protein expression/levels of MMPs 2, 9, CBS, and Sp1, whereas elevated levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were observed in EOPE participants as compared to controls. The gene expression of miR-22 was found to be significantly upregulated in EOPE participants compared with controls.
conclusionsThis is the first study of its kind, which implies that insufficient trophoblastic invasion may be because of downregulation of MMPs 2, 9, CBS, Sp1, and concomitant upregulation of TIMPs 1, 2, both in the placentae collected at delivery and the circulating blood collected at diagnosis. The regulation of Sp1 by miR-22 in the EOPE participants as compared to controls was also evident by the expression of miR-22 assayed in the same set of samples.
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