Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913560›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2026

Wellness4Students Program to Mitigate Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Among Makerere University Students in Uganda: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study.

Stephen Ojiambo Wandera, Olivia Nankinga, Patricia Ndugga, Christabellah Namugenyi, Claire Ashaba, Noeline Nakasujja, Rosco Kasujja, Belinda Agyapong, Vincent Israel Opoku Agyapong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stephen Ojiambo WanderaDepartment of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Makerere Hill Road, Kampala, 256, Uganda, 256 754976879.ORCID 0000-0002-5617-0274
Olivia NankingaDepartment of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Makerere Hill Road, Kampala, 256, Uganda, 256 754976879.ORCID 0000-0003-0594-5209
Patricia NduggaDepartment of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Makerere Hill Road, Kampala, 256, Uganda, 256 754976879.ORCID 0000-0003-1634-7001
Christabellah NamugenyiDepartment of Planning and Applied Statistics, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0003-2534-5526
Claire AshabaDepartment of Planning and Applied Statistics, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0009-0005-1350-0834
Noeline NakasujjaDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0002-8163-4376
Rosco KasujjaDepartment of Mental Health & Community Psychology, School of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0002-9197-5123
Belinda AgyapongDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7633-6529
Vincent Israel Opoku AgyapongDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2743-0372

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Research indicates that university students experience higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD) than the general population. In Uganda, existing psychological interventions for addressing SAD among students are primarily delivered face to face, which limits effective diagnosis and treatment due to stigma, a shortage of counselors, and long waiting times, which contribute to significant unmet mental health needs. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative approaches to improve access to mental health services. Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a supportive SMS text messaging program (Wellness4Students [W4S]) in reducing the prevalence of SAD among university students in Uganda. Methods: This study has a quantitative longitudinal research design. We will target 4494 undergraduate students aged 18 to 24 years who will be recruited from Makerere University, Uganda. Through advertisements on social media platforms (WhatsApp and X [formerly known as Twitter]) and websites, students will receive a link to the W4S website with information about the intervention. Eligible students will voluntarily self-subscribe to the W4S program by providing their email addresses. The subscription will be an indicator of consent required for participation in receiving the intervention. Subscribers will receive daily supportive messages for 6 months. The data will be collected from subscribers at baseline (program initiation), 1 month, 3 months (midpoint), and 6 months (program completion) through web-based surveys. Students will complete questionnaires regarding SAD and well-being. We will conduct both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses using STATA version 17. Results: The results of this study are expected within 1 year after program initiation. The data will be collected from February 2026 through October 2026. The development of the W4S app and the survey instrument has been completed. The cocreation of mental health messages with 15 undergraduate students and 2 university psychologists has been completed as of March 23, 2026. The roll-out of the program is scheduled for March 24, 2026. Conclusions: The W4S intervention is feasible. The W4S program will provide essential insight into the prevalence and correlates of SAD among Makerere University students. We will identify students who are most at risk of poor mental health outcomes.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionStress, PsychologicalStudentsAdolescentFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesText MessagingUgandaUniversitiesYoung AdultAfricaanxietydepressionemailmental healthstressstudentsUgandaWellness4StudentsWhatsApp

Identifiers

PMID41913560
PMCPMC13036318

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.