Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913473›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2026

Mapping trajectories of child and adolescent psychopathology: ascertainment of mental health needs in a general population.

Ida Scheel Rasmussen, Philip Wilson, Gritt Overbeck, Claus Thorn Ekstrøm, Else Marie Olsen, Katrine Strandberg-Larsen

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ida Scheel RasmussenThe Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-3729
Philip WilsonThe Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Gritt OverbeckThe Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Claus Thorn EkstrømSection of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Else Marie OlsenCenter for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Katrine Strandberg-LarsenSection of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe development of psychopathology during childhood and adolescence is complex and likely to follow diverse patterns. Mapping trajectories of psychopathological difficulties may improve our understanding of the nature of emerging, resolving and persistent psychopathology. The purpose of this study is to examine trajectories of psychopathology throughout childhood and adolescence by examining multiple data sources, including questionnaire-based reports of emotional and behavioural difficulties, psychiatric diagnoses and prescribed psychotropic medications.

methodsGroup-based multi-trajectory modelling was used to identify the psychopathological trajectories. This study included 49,361 full-term live-born singleton children born between 1996 and 2003, recruited into the Danish National Birth Cohort. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire data were collected when the children/adolescents were 7, 11 and 18 years old. Annual information about psychiatric diagnoses and redeemed prescriptions for psychotropic medication was retrieved from nationwide registries between the ages of 1 and 18. We included six predefined dimensions to identify the trajectories: internalizing behavioural problems, externalizing behavioural problems, neurodevelopmental diagnoses, affective diagnoses, mixed psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic medications.

resultsSix distinct trajectory groups were identified for both boys and girls. Approximately 6% of the boys and 8% of the girls receive the bulk of the psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic medications. We found no support for 'pure' internalizing or externalizing patterns in any identified trajectory, as problems in one dimension often indicated the presence of problems in another dimension.

conclusionsOur results demonstrate substantial psychiatric comorbidity and add new insights to the understanding of child and adolescent well-being and the complex patterns of developmental psychopathology.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPsychotropic DrugsAdolescentChildChild Behavior DisordersChild, PreschoolDenmarkFemaleHumansMaleMental HealthPsychopathologyRegistriesSurveys and QuestionnairesPsychotropic Drugsadolescencebehavioural difficultieschildhoodpsychopathologytrajectories

Identifiers

PMID41913473
PMCPMC13122543

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.