Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913295›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

Child inhibitory control in toddlerhood: associations with child interaction skills with the mother.

Pauliina Juntunen, Riikka Korja, Jetro J Tuulari, Eeva Eskola, Eeva Holmberg, Anniina Karonen, Marika Otranen, Elmo P Pulli, Eeva-Leena Kataja, David J Bridgett and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Pauliina JuntunenFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. phmjun@utu.fi.
Riikka KorjaFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Jetro J TuulariFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Eeva EskolaFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Eeva HolmbergFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Anniina KaronenFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Marika OtranenFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Elmo P PulliFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Eeva-Leena KatajaFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
David J BridgettDepartment of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA.
Hasse KarlssonFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Linnea KarlssonFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Saara NolviFinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.

Funding

The Research Counsil of Finland #325292, #308176, #308589, #308252, #346121, #352648, #352655
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Childhood inhibitory control (IC) is a key precursor of later social development, yet the mechanisms through which IC contributes to emerging interaction skills in toddlerhood remain insufficiently understood. We explored the cross-sectional associations between child IC and child interaction skills (responsiveness and involvement) with the mother at 30 months (N = 350) and conducted an exploratory longitudinal analysis of IC at 24 months and child interaction skills later at 30 months (N = 27) in mother–child dyads from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. We measured IC using the Snack Delay task and child interaction skills with the mother using the Emotional Availability Scales. Higher IC was positively related to better child interaction skills with the mother cross-sectionally at 30 months, indicating a medium-sized effect. Our exploratory analysis also suggested a longitudinal association between 24 and 30 months. These findings suggest that early childhood IC is an important factor in children’s social interactions with mothers. More research is needed to explore the directionality of the associations. Replication studies are warranted.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentInhibition, PsychologicalMother-Child RelationsMothersAdultChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleChild interaction skillsEmotional availabilityInhibitory controlParent–child interactionSocial developmentToddler

Identifiers

PMID41913295
PMCPMC13159218

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.