Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913213›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026

Dual induction of tissue-resident T and B cell immunity for broad influenza protection with a nanofiber-VLP vaccine.

Xiuyu Wang, Haoran Luo, Zhenyu Fan, Ran Xie, Shiqiang Liu, Qicong Pan, Zhihao Zhang, Fangnan Yan, Jiaxin Li, Chengjie Yang and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Xiuyu Wang *National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Haoran Luo *National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Zhenyu Fan *National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Ran XieNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Shiqiang LiuNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Qicong PanNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Zhihao ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Fangnan YanNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Jiaxin LiNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Chengjie YangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Bibo ZhuNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Jing YeNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Shengbo CaoNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Anita S ChongDepartment of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. achong@uchicago.edu.
Chen TanNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. tanchen@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
Youhui SiNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. youhui@mail.hzau.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32373026the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2662023DKPY004the Independent Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Huazhong Agricultural University 2662025DKPY007the National Key R&D Program of China 2025YFD1800700
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Respiratory pathogens pose significant global health challenges, with current vaccines often failing to prevent viral replication at mucosal entry points. To address this, we developed an adjuvant-free intranasal nanovaccine (NP@HA-VLP-Q11) by integrating SpyTag/SpyCatcher-mediated antigen multimerization on virus-like particles (VLPs) with self-assembling Q11 nanofibers. This vaccine leverages the ability of Q11 to induce both humoral and cellular immunity without requiring supplemental adjuvants or eliciting local inflammation to co-deliver a conserved nucleoprotein (NP) CD8+ T cell epitope and influenza hemagglutinin stem domain (miniHA) VLPs. In mouse models, we show that NP@HA-VLP-Q11 elicits systemic neutralizing antibodies and lung-resident memory T cells (TRMs) and B cells (BRMs) that are maintained for at least 12 weeks after immunization and expand rapidly upon heterologous H9N2 challenge. Importantly, intranasal immunization with NP@HA-VLP-Q11 conferred immunity and cross-protection against heterologous influenza strains that were preserved for at least 12 weeks. The dual induction of TRMs and BRMs offers immediate humoral protection and sustained cellular immunity at the infection site, mimicking natural viral exposure while avoiding replication risks. These findings demonstrate the potential of self-assembling nanomaterials combined with stabilized multimerized antigens in VLPs to create next-generation vaccines for broad, broad and effective protection against respiratory pathogens.

Indexed as

B-LymphocytesInfluenza VaccinesNanofibersOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsT-LymphocytesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralFemaleHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusImmunity, CellularInfluenza A Virus, H9N2 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanMiceAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusInfluenza VaccinesNanovaccinesProtein Subunit VaccinesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleInfluenzaMucosal immunitySelf-assembling nanofibersVaccine deliveryVirus-like particles (VLPs)

Identifiers

PMID41913213
PMCPMC13159355

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.