Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913107›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

Damage and recovery of artificial diet rearing silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) exposed to high-concentration florfenicol as well as the dynamic changes of midgut ‌flora after functional bacterium supplementation.

Yating Liu, Zhongwen Liu, Chunjiu Ren, Huiju Gao, Shuangxin Wu, Hongxia Zhang, Shengxiang Zhang, Bing Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yating Liu *Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
Zhongwen Liu *Henan Sericultural Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
Chunjiu RenState Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
Huiju GaoState Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
Shuangxin WuState Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
Hongxia ZhangYantai Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai, 265503, China.
Shengxiang ZhangState Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China. zsx@sdau.edu.cn.
Bing WangDepartment of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China. bwang@sdau.edu.cn.

Funding

the Independent Innovation Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences 2025ZC115the Modern Agricultural Technology System of Shandong Province No. SDAIT-18
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFlorfenicol (FF) is widely used in animal husbandry due to its broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, while there is little research focused on its toxic effects on the silkworm(Bombyx mori L.), a model organism.

resultIt was demonstrated in this paper that high-concentration florfenicol exposure significantly inhibited the activities of digestive and antioxidant enzymes, reduced the body weight and cocooning ability of silkworms, prolonged the instar duration, and simultaneously led to organelle swelling and vacuolization in the midgut, a large number of autophagosomes, and nuclear condensation. Meanwhile, it was found that exposure to FF reduced the α diversity and richness of the midgut flora, leading to a severe loss of core microbiota. The results of this study also indicated that Bacillus velezensis LY5, as a functional bacterium, effectively mitigated the toxic effects of FF on silkworm larvae. This strain significantly improved the body weight and cocoon quality of silkworms exposed to FF, promoted the repair of midgut tissue damage, and restored the structure of the midgut core flora. Furthermore, B. velezensis LY5 treatment increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria while suppressing the abnormal proliferation of opportunistic pathogens.

conclusionThis study reveals the toxicological mechanism by which high concentrations of antibiotics (FF) disrupt the midgut microbiota balance in silkworms, induce tissue damage, and subsequently impede their growth and development. It also demonstrates for the first time that functional probiotics Bacillus velezensis LY5 effectively reverse this damage by restoring the silkworm midgut microbiota and intestinal tissue.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacillusBombyxGastrointestinal MicrobiomeThiamphenicolAnimal FeedAnimalsGastrointestinal TractLarvaProbioticsAnti-Bacterial AgentsflorfenicolThiamphenicolArtificial diet rearingBombyx mori L.Damage and recoveryFlorfenicolMidgut flora

Identifiers

PMID41913107
PMCPMC13154438

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.