Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41912577›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Detection of DSCP-based traffic prioritization manipulations and their impact on network performance.

M M Hafizur Rahman, Mohammed Alnaeem, Adamu Abubakar Ibrahim

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

M M Hafizur RahmanDepartment of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. mhrahman@kfu.edu.sa.
Mohammed AlnaeemDepartment of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. naeem@kfu.edu.sa.
Adamu Abubakar IbrahimDepartment of Computer Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. adamu@iium.edu.my.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) manipulations can distort bandwidth allocation, expose security risks, and degrade performance, yet they are difficult to detect in dynamic traffic. Dynamic traffic flows and sophisticated evasion strategies make such operations difficult to detect. Rule-based and classical machine learning methods cannot detect DSCP-based traffic modifications properly. This study employs deep learning models, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), to detect DSCP-based manipulations. A labeled dataset comprising normal and manipulated traffic patterns was used for training and validation. An ensemble approach combining CNN, RNN, and LSTM was implemented to enhance detection accuracy. The model demonstrated the highest detection accuracy, achieving 99.28% accuracy and making it the most effective in distinguishing manipulated traffic from legitimate flows. These findings highlight the potential of deep learning in securing QoS mechanisms and mitigating DSCP-based traffic manipulation risks. The proposed model can enhance real-time traffic monitoring, ensure fair bandwidth distribution, and prevent malicious exploitation. Future work should focus on real-world deployment, federated learning for cross-network adaptability, and explainable AI for improved interpretability.

Indexed as

Differentiated servicesDifferentiated services code point (DSCP)IP precedenceTraffic prioritization

Identifiers

PMID41912577
PMCPMC13039465

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.