Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41912574›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

A compact metasurface-based tri-band MIMO antenna with minimalist decoupling for multi-standard wireless devices.

Zhaozhi Gu, Mengyue Guo, Shibao Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Zhaozhi GuCollege of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China. guzz@upc.edu.cn.
Mengyue GuoCollege of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China.
Shibao LiCollege of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China.

Funding

Ministry of Education Industry-Academia Cooperation Collaborative Education Program 231107173083030Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2023MF038 and ZR2024LZH013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents a compact metasurface-based tri-band MIMO antenna for space-constrained multi-standard wireless devices. The antenna operates across 3.3–3.8 GHz (5G n78), 4.4–5.0 GHz (5G n79), and 5.1–5.9 GHz (Wi-Fi (802.11n/ac/ax)) bands. Its radiating element is a metasurface composed of seven hexagon-slotted hexagonal patches arranged in a cellular configuration, optimally designed using Characteristic Mode Analysis for tri-band performance. A key challenge addressed is the severe mutual coupling that arises when this element is extended to a densely spaced 1 × 2 MIMO array with near-zero edge-to-edge spacing. To overcome this, a strategically simple decoupling structure using only two pairs of vertical metallic posts is proposed. This minimalist approach proves highly effective, as both simulation and measurement results demonstrate enhanced isolation across all three bands, with |S₂₁| suppressed to -20.8 dB, -19.1 dB, and − 24.3 dB, respectively, while maintaining well-preserved impedance matching. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits excellent MIMO performance, with measured results confirming excellent isolation, low correlation, and minimal Channel Capacity Loss across the operating bands. The scalable cellular architecture of the metasurface allows for adaptation to irregular array geometries, making the proposed design a practical and high-performance solution for advanced, compact wireless applications.

Indexed as

Characteristic mode analysisMetasurfaceMIMO antennasTri-band decouplingVertical metallic posts

Identifiers

PMID41912574
PMCPMC13039471

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.