ArticleScientific reports2026
Conceptual modeling of child temperament, emotional and behavioral problems, and parenting style in relation to children's oral health and dental visit behavior.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of child temperament, emotional and behavioral problems, and parenting style on children’s oral health and dental visit behavior using path analysis. The cross-sectional study included 167 preschool children aged 3–6 years and their parents. Sociodemographic data were collected, and various oral health indicators, including decayed, missing and filled teeth dmft; International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) scores; plaque index (PI); gingival index (GI) and dental visit behavior were assessed. In addition, the Temperament Scale for Children (TSC), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) were administered to families. A conceptual model was developed to examine the influence of both dependent variables (TSC, SDQ, children’s oral health, and dental visit behavior) and independent factors (child’s gender, PSDQ, and parental age and gender). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The total, direct, and indirect effects among the model variables were analyzed. The results showed that, the total and direct effects of gender on total SDQ scores were 0.252 and 0.254, respectively, suggesting that girls had significantly lower total SDQ scores than boys (p = 0.001). In addition, the total effect of PSDQ on TSC was 0.445 for both total and direct effects, indicating a positive association (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in the other total, direct, or indirect effects (p > 0.05). While path diagrams provide a detailed visualization of their relationships, our study found no significant association between oral health, dental visit behavior, and the other variables. It is important to note that statistical results may not fully reflect clinical outcomes. Moreover, such effects may vary depending on model specifications and outcome measures, particularly in pediatric dentistry, where both child temperament and family dynamics directly affect a child’s oral health and cooperation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.