ArticleHealth services research2026
Evaluating the Effect of National Background Check Program on Nursing Home Deficiency Citations.
Article in Health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of the National Background Check Program (NBCP) on nursing home (NH) health deficiencies and citations related to abuse, neglect, and exploitation. STUDY SETTING AND
designThis study uses the Callaway and Sant'Anna Difference-in-Differences (CSDID) quasi-experimental method to analyze data from US nursing homes from 2009 to 2016. The study includes nursing homes from 18 states that received NBCP grants as treatment group and nursing homes from 24 states that did not receive NBCP grants as control group. We exclude eight pilot NBCP states. DATA SOURCES AND ANALYTIC SAMPLE: We used facility-level deficiency data from NH Care Compare (CC), NH characteristics data from Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reports (CASPER), and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias diagnosis data from Minimum Data Set (MDS) assessments, covering 96,261 nursing home-year observations. PRINCIPAL
findingsOverall, NBCP implementation was associated with a significant reduction in health deficiencies (-0.760, p < 0.01) and a decrease in the probability and number of citations for abuse, neglect, and exploitation (-0.029, p < 0.01; -0.048, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses showed that NBCP was associated with reductions in health deficiencies in nursing homes, regardless of whether they had a high or low census of residents with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, and in both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. However, the effects varied across states depending on when they adopted NBCP.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that NBCP is an effective regulatory tool for improving nursing home deficiencies and reducing incidents of abuse-related violations. We need more research to assess if background check programs improve nursing home quality using resident-level outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.