Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41910410›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of school health2026

Evaluation of the Impact of a Psychoeducational Program on Type 1 Diabetes in Italian Schools: A Pre-Post Study.

Gaia Caldarelli, Alda Troncone, Antonietta Chianese, Angela Zanfardino, Serena Rollato, Giorgia Ippolito, Gulsum Ozen, Dario Iafusco

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Article in The Journal of school health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gaia CaldarelliDepartment of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Alda TronconeDepartment of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4641-6314
Antonietta ChianeseDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Angela ZanfardinoDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0641-1321
Serena RollatoDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Giorgia IppolitoDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Gulsum OzenDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-2875
Dario IafuscoDepartment of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEducating school personnel on Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) management is essential for ensuring prompt interventions, preventing complications, and creating a safe environment for students. This study evaluated the impact of a synchronous, online psychoeducational program implemented in schools in Southern Italy. CONTRIBUTIONS TO PRACTICE: This research demonstrates the positive impact of a psychoeducational intervention program aimed at increasing T1D literacy, developed in accordance with national and international guidelines and delivered in schools attended by children receiving care at the authors' clinical center. Pre-post questionnaires completed by 436 staff members indicated significant increases in T1D knowledge (p < 0.001, d = 0.48) and perceived self-efficacy (p < 0.001, d = 0.99), as well as improved ability to recognize hypoglycemia symptoms (p < 0.001, d = 0.97). Additionally, the program reduced dysfunctional beliefs regarding the needs of children and adolescents with T1D (p < 0.001). IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Implementing a T1D psychoeducational program for school staff members may promote the inclusion of students with T1D and help dispel misconceptions about the condition and students' care needs.

conclusionsThis study provides evidence of the positive impact of a synchronous online program to improve T1D knowledge and perceived self-efficacy among Italian school staff.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Health EducationHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeSchool Health ServicesAdolescentChildFemaleHumansItalyMaleProgram EvaluationSelf EfficacySurveys and Questionnairesdiabetes knowledgediabetes psychoeducationhealth educationschool healthstudentstype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41910410
PMCPMC13034808

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.