SynthesisVeterinary medicine and science2026
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Epidemiology of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Infection in Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia.
Synthesis in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a widely prevalent and economically important pathogen of cattle with substantial implications for dairy production in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of BoHV-1 infection in the country. A systematic literature searches of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify eligible studies reporting the seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in dairy cattle. Pooled prevalence estimates were generated using a random-effect meta-analysis model. A total of nine studies that met the inclusion criteria were analysed, encompassing 5078 dairy cattle tested using competitive (c-ELISA) and blocking (b-ELISA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The overall pooled prevalence of BoHV-1 was estimated at 46.02% (95% CI: 33.36 to 58.68). A higher prevalence was observed with the c-ELISA (54.17%; 95% CI: 31.62 to 76.71) compared to the b-ELISA (39.56%; 95% CI: 26.08 to 53.04). Temporal analysis revealed a pooled prevalence of 36.93% (95% CI: 25.93 to 47.93 from studies conducted between 2018 and 2021 (3 studies, 2274 samples) and 56.63% (95% CI: 32.96 to 68.31) from studies between 2022 and 2025 (6 studies, 2804 samples). Prevalence also varied with sample size, with the highest prevalence recorded in studies with a sample size between 413-563 (51.79%; 95% CI: 41.37 to 62.21), followed by those with a sample size of 164-384 (46%; 95% CI: 18.84 to 75.05). The finding suggests a rising trend in BoHV-1 infection, with no evidence of publication bias. In-depth epidemiological studies and the development of effective prevention and control strategies to mitigate the effects of BoHV-1 infection in Ethiopia.
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