Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41910097›Full record

ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026

Multimodal Physiotherapy Following Patellar Stabilization Surgery in Five Small-Breed Dogs: A Case Series.

Majid Rajabian, Mahdi Esmaeeli, Kazem Malmir, Arman Abdous

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Majid RajabianDepartment of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6349-9978
Mahdi EsmaeeliDepartment of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kazem MalmirDepartment of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-2597
Arman AbdousDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-7413

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medial patellar luxation (MPL) is a common orthopaedic disorder in small-breed dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and frequently requires surgical stabilization to restore normal joint alignment. However, postoperative complications such as residual lameness, quadriceps muscle atrophy and reduced stifle joint mobility may delay functional recovery. This case series describes the clinical outcomes associated with a structured multimodal physiotherapy protocol implemented following MPL stabilization surgery in five small-breed dogs diagnosed with Grade III-IV MPL. After surgical correction, all dogs underwent a standardized 4-week rehabilitation programme consisting of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, therapeutic ultrasound, manual therapy and targeted functional exercises, with a total of 12 treatment sessions. Functional recovery was assessed using quadriceps muscle girth, passive stifle extension, lameness scoring and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Evaluations were performed at baseline prior to physiotherapy, immediately after completion of the 4-week rehabilitation programme, and at a 1-month follow-up. All dogs demonstrated progressive improvements in muscle girth, joint extension and functional mobility, accompanied by consistent reductions in lameness scores. Improvements observed following rehabilitation were maintained at the 1-month follow-up evaluation. These findings suggest that early integration of a structured multimodal physiotherapy protocol may enhance postoperative functional recovery and mobility in small-breed dogs undergoing surgical stabilization for MPL.

Indexed as

Dog DiseasesPatellar DislocationPhysical Therapy ModalitiesAnimalsDogsFemaleMaleStiflecanine rehabilitationmedial patellar luxationphysiotherapypostoperative recoverysmall‐breed dogs

Identifiers

PMID41910097
PMCPMC13584880

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