Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41908956›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026

Occurrence of viral and bacterial pathogens in South American camelids in representative German flocks.

Christian Menge, Stefanie A Barth, Eva-Maria Bartl, Christian Berens, Christa Ewers, Carsten Heydel, Hannah Hümmelchen, Heike Köhler, Patricia König, Alina Leisen and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Christian MengeFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Stefanie A BarthFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Eva-Maria BartlVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Christian BerensFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Christa EwersInstitute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Carsten HeydelInstitute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Hannah HümmelchenVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Heike KöhlerFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Patricia KönigFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Alina LeisenVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Svenja MamerowFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Falk MelzerFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.
Katja Mertens-ScholzFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.
Ulrich MethnerFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.
Aung Zaw MoeInstitute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Dennis RubbenstrothFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Christiane SchneeFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany.
Christian SeyboldtFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.
Lisa UlrichVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Kerstin WernikeFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Hermann WillemsClinic for Swine-Herd Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Henrik WagnerVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapidly growing populations of South American camelids (SAC), introduced to Europe as non-indigenous species, have increased contacts at the livestock and human interfaces. This study assessed the occurrence of epizootic and zoonotic viral and bacterial pathogens of prime importance on 10 farms, selected to mirror the diversity of German SAC holdings in size and animal use. Farms were visited four times at approximately 6-months intervals, with 20 animals sampled per visit, resulting in 739 blood and 723 fecal samples from 449 animals (292 alpacas, 156 llamas, one huarizo). Wherever possible, diagnostic methods applied followed national or international recommendations. Antibodies against Schmallenberg virus were detected in 54.6% of animals. Only three animals showed reactivity against Borna disease Virus 1 and one against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 1. All animals tested negative for BVDV-2, border disease virus and bovine herpesvirus 1. Thirty-six samples from 30 SAC yielded a non-negative, presumably false-positive results for antibodies against the

Indexed as

alpacabacterial pathogensGermanyhuarizollamaSouth American camelidsviral pathogenszoonosis

Identifiers

PMID41908956
PMCPMC13023134

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.