Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41908909›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare2026

Prediabetes in acute coronary syndrome: an overlooked predictor of adverse outcomes.

Daniel Hakim, Louay Taha, Mohammad Karmi, Eyal Ben-Zvi, Asher Schnur, Rafael Hitter, Noam Fink, Pierre Sabouret, Mamas A Mamas, Ranim Aouda and 5 more

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Article in Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Daniel HakimJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Louay TahaJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Mohammad KarmiJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Eyal Ben-ZviJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Asher SchnurJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Rafael HitterJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Noam FinkAssuta Medical Centers, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Pierre SabouretAlliance for Clinical Trials in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases (ACTION) Study Group, Institut de Cardiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Mamas A MamasKeele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
Ranim AoudaJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Akiva BrinJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Ari NaimarkDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Amjad Abu-SalamanJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Michael GliksonJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Elad AsherJesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a well-established marker for long-term glycemic control and a diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus (DM). The relationship between HbA1c levels and prognosis among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients is not well described. The aim of the current study was to assess HbA1c levels as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with ACS admitted to contemporary intensive cardiovascular care unit (ICCU). Methods: A retrospective single center study included all patients admitted to the ICCU between July 2019 and December 2024 with ACS. Patients were categorized by HbA1c levels into three groups: non-DM (<5.7%), pre-DM (5.7-6.4%), and DM (≥6.5%). Demographics, clinical characteristics, in-hospital complications, and long-term (up to 60 months) mortality were analyzed. Results: A total of 2,772 patients were admitted with a diagnosis of ACS and had HbA1c levels recorded at admission. Among them, 41.4% were non-diabetic, 29.1% had pre-diabetes, and 29.5% had diabetes. In-hospital mortality showed a gradual increase across these groups: 2.0% in non-diabetics, 1.6% in pre-diabetics, and 2.9% in diabetics (p = 0.294). Long-term mortality rose significantly with higher HbA1c categories, reaching 11.4%, 14.7%, and 18.1%, respectively (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed DM as an independent predictor of mortality (HR 1.635, 95% CI: 1.280-2.08, p<0.001). Conclusions: Over half of patients admitted with an ACS have evidence of dysglycemia. Both pre-DM and DM groups were associated with increased long-term mortality in ACS patients. The findings highlight the need for greater recognition and management, especially of pre-DM ACS patients in acute cardiovascular care.

Indexed as

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)diabetes mellitusHbA1c - hemoglobin A1cmortalityNSTEMI = non ST elevation myocardial infarctionSTEMI (myocardial infarction)

Identifiers

PMID41908909
PMCPMC13017330

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.