Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41908787›Full record

ArticleJournal of surgical case reports2026

Hematochezia caused by colonic perforation of a drain, a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. A case report.

Daniela E Simbaña, Ian N Llerena, Andrés Ayala, Galo E Jiménez, Xavier R Mantilla, Washington Javier Cisneros, Gabriel A Molina

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of surgical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Daniela E SimbañaSchool of Medicine, PGY3, Universidad de los Américas (UDLA), Av. de los Granados, Quito 170513, Ecuador.
Ian N LlerenaSchool of Medicine, PGY3, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE), Av. 12 de Octubre, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
Andrés AyalaDepartment of General Surgery Hospital IESS Quito Sur, Universidad de los Américas (UDLA), Av. de los Granados, Quito 170513, Ecuador.
Galo E JiménezDepartment of General Surgery Hospital IESS Quito Sur, Universidad de los Américas (UDLA), Av. de los Granados, Quito 170513, Ecuador.
Xavier R MantillaSchool of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre, Quito 170525, Ecuador.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-6811
Washington Javier CisnerosDepartment of Surgery, Hospital Padre Carollo, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador (UIDE), Jorge Fernández, Quito 170411, Ecuador.
Gabriel A MolinaSchool of Medicine, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ) & Department of General Surgery Hospital IESS Quito Sur, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0001-9070

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intra-abdominal drains are often placed during surgical procedures to prevent the formation of intra-abdominal collections and to aid early detection of leaks and hemorrhage. However, on many occasions, they can cause complications, including pain, bleeding, infection, and, on rare occasions, they can erode into the bowel, causing obstruction and even perforation. When this happens, prompt treatment is needed, as the drain can now cause severe morbidity and mortality if there is no active surveillance. Therefore, surgeons must employ an individualized approach when using drains, accounting for the specific characteristics of each surgery. We present the case of an 84-year-old patient who had a drain placed after a complicated appendicitis. After discharge, he presented with hematochezia, and after prompt evaluation, the drain was seen inside the cecum. He was successfully treated and, on follow-ups, is doing well.

Indexed as

colonic perforationdrainhematochezia

Identifiers

PMID41908787
PMCPMC13019288

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.