Exploiting Greener Formulations of Benzalkonium Chloride with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties.

Chiara Molinar, Giulia Vigna, Sara Scutera, Tiziana Musso, Anna Scomparin, Roberta Cavalli

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Complementary Time-Kill Activity Displayed by Povidone-Iodine and Hydrogen Peroxide Against Shoulder Arthroplasty-Associated Pathogens, Envisaging Intraoperative Irrigation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Chiara MolinarDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.

Giulia VignaDepartment of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy.

Sara ScuteraDepartment of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy.

Tiziana MussoDepartment of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy.

Anna ScomparinDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-620X

Roberta CavalliDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, the extensive use of benzalkonium chloride (BKC) as a disinfectant has raised significant concerns due to its toxicity and its potential to promote environmental impact and antimicrobial resistance. In order to reduce the toxicity associated with BKC in spray disinfectants, the antimicrobial agent was coencapsulated into vesicle-like nanosystems, known as nanodroplets (NDs), with limonene, a natural essential oil renowned for its antimicrobial properties and commonly used in cleaning product formulations. The aim was to reduce the required concentration of BKC in the disinfectant formulation by enhancing its antimicrobial activity through encapsulation in nanodroplets (BKC-NDs) and by loading limonene within the

Identifiers

PMID41908421

DOI10.1021/acsomega.5c10270

PMCPMC13019223

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.