ArticleFrontiers in neurology
Sex-specific effect of cortisol on cerebral glucose metabolism across Alzheimer's disease spectrum: a neuroimaging study.
Article in Frontiers in neurology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic stress, cortisol dysregulation, and neurodegenerative vulnerability: mechanistic pathways linking HPA-axis dysfunction to Alzheimer's disease risk.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- An interpretable multimodal ensemble assessment framework for Alzheimer's disease cognitive staging.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
Higher levels of cortisol can disrupt the normal patterns of cerebral glucose metabolism in the human brain. This study aims to investigate the effects of elevated cortisol levels on cerebral glucose metabolism in men and women across Alzheimer's disease spectrum. The data was derived from the publicly available Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Eight hundred and twenty-two participants across varying diagnostic cognition status were included: 469 men (mean age of 74.14 ± 7.19 years) and 353 women (mean age of 72.31 ± 7.34 years). Main effect and interaction terms were used in generalized linear models to examine the association between elevated cortisol levels and cerebral glucose metabolism as measured by Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in men and women across Alzheimer's disease spectrum. Sex-stratified analysis was conducted a priori based on established biological differences in HPA axis function between sexes. Elevated cortisol levels were negatively associated with brain glucose consumption in women, but not in men. Women with APOE4 alleles were at greater risk of brain hypometabolism. Diastolic blood pressure in men, but not women, was negatively associated with brain glucose consumption, an indication of higher vascular vulnerability in men. Notably, while sex-stratified analyses revealed these differential patterns, the formal cortisol
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