ArticleiScience2026
Association between inhaled corticosteroids and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy in patients with NSCLC with concurrent COPD.
Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may exhibit enhanced sensitivity to programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors. However, whether inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) use for COPD maintenance influences this response remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 222 such patients stratified by COPD maintenance regimen into ICS-containing (ICS group) and non-ICS (N-ICS group) cohorts. After propensity score matching, patients receiving ICS demonstrated significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), higher overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), and comparable immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Multivariable analysis confirmed ICS as an independent predictor for prolonged PFS. Subgroup analyses further revealed that baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≤ 3.36 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≤ 240 U/L were consistently associated with longer PFS, regardless of ICS use. In conclusion, ICS-containing regimens are associated with enhanced response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with NSCLC with COPD, without compromising safety.
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