ArticleiScience2026
Multiscale investigation of CNC-stabilized foams: From interfacial design to energy-relevant fluid displacement.
Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
This study investigates the mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery using a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-stabilized foam system. A systematic approach-encompassing foam characterization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), interfacial tension and wettability measurements, microfluidic displacement visualization, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis-was employed to evaluate the CNC-enhanced foam system. The results demonstrate that the optimized formulation improved foamability and stability, with foam volume and half-life increased by 15.7% and 35.2%, respectively. The incorporation of CNCs reduced the contact angle from 64.9° (conventional system) to 49.6°, indicating enhanced wettability alteration capability. Real-time microfluidic displacement experiments and LF-NMR analysis revealed that the CNC-enhanced nanofluid-assisted water alternating gas (NWAG) process increased the local sweep efficiency to 47.21% and improved micro-pore recovery by 28.5 percentage points. The NWAG process achieved an average ultimate oil recovery of 50.5%, demonstrating a 15.1 percentage-point improvement compared with conventional WAG injection.
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