ArticleJoint diseases and related surgery2026
Volumetric relationships of foot bones and the role of the talus in hallux valgus.
Article in Joint diseases and related surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to evaluate the foot as a whole, to compare the foot bones in terms of volume, and investigate the role of the foot bones in the formation of hallux valgus (HV). PATIENTS AND
methodsBetween February 2024 and September 2024, a total of 21 patients (6 males, 15 females; mean age: 29.04 ± 5.21 years; range, 19 to 38 years) with an HVA of ≥ 30° and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) of ≥ 13° were included in this prospective study. The control group consisted of 18 patients (5 males, 13 females; mean age: 28.94 ± 5.56 years; range, 20 to 39 years) with an HVA of < 15°. Computed tomography (CT) images were uploaded to the 3D Slicer program, and the volumes of the foot bones were measured and calculated as percentages.
resultsIn terms of volume percentage, the mean talus (22.68 ± 1.62 vs. 21.37 ± 1.81; d = 0.78; 95% CI 0.10-1.44) and the fifth metatarsal (4.63 ± 0.85 vs. 4.15 ± 0.52; d = 0.65; 95% CI -0.01-1.29) were higher, while the mean cuboid volume (5.31 ± 0.71 vs. 5.89 ± 0.55; d = 0.90; 95% CI 0.23-1.57) was lower in the HV group, indicating a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the volume ratios between the bones of the medial and lateral rays (p ≥ 0.05). When medial ray bones were combined, the ratios of talus/medial cuneiform (d = 0.92) and (talus + 1
conclusionAlthough genetic factors are widely considered to play a key role in HV development, we propose that the process originates more proximally, most likely at the level of the talus. Based on our study results, we conclude that an increase in talar volume may lead to a compensatory reduction in the volumes of the cuboid and medial cuneiform bones, initiating a sequence in which soft-tissue forces contribute to progressive pronation of the first metatarsal, ultimately resulting in HV.
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