Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41906751›Full record

ArticleCurrent eye research2026

Cone Contrast and Entropy of Adaptive Optics Images in Choroideremia.

Andrew M Huang, Peiluo Xu, Robert F Cooper, Jessica I W Morgan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current eye research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Andrew M HuangSchool of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Peiluo XuBioengineering Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Robert F CooperJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Jessica I W MorganScheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Funding

Scientific TransparencyP30EY001583 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CLAIRE H MITCHELL · 1985 to 2026
$19.5M
Retinal structure, function and response to gene therapyR01EY028601 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Jessica I.W. Morgan · 2018 to 2026
$3.6M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY001583NEI NIH HHS R01 EY028601
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeChoroideremia (CHM) is an X-linked inherited retinal degeneration that results in the progressive loss of photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid. The present study examines the contrast and entropy of cone intensities in CHM and control images using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy and texture analysis. MATERIALS AND

methodsThirteen patients with CHM and twelve normal-sighted controls were imaged using a custom-built, multi-modal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO). AOSLO images were registered and montaged and regions of interest located at 0.5°, 1°, 2°, and 4° were cropped for each participant. Cones were identified in each region of interest, and a gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was created for each image and each cone location. Image and cone contrast and entropy were calculated from each GLCM. An unbalanced two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test was conducted over disease group and retinal eccentricity for both contrast and entropy, where

resultsCone density was decreased in CHM compared to control at all eccentricities (

conclusionsCone contrast and entropy textural analyses may provide a biomarker of cone health in retinal disease and its response to treatment.Funding for the study provided by NIH R01EY028601, NIH P30EY001583, Research to Prevent Blindness, Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, and the F. M. Kirby Foundation.

Indexed as

ChoroideremiaContrast SensitivityOphthalmoscopyRetinal Cone Photoreceptor CellsAdultCell CountEntropyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOphthalmoscopesVisual AcuityYoung AdultAdaptive optics retinal imagingchoroideremiacone photoreceptorsimage contrast and entropy

Identifiers

PMID41906751
PMCPMC13532215

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.