Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41906713›Full record

ArticleVox sanguinis2026

Transfusion-transmitted malaria in India: A national survey of epidemiology and testing practices.

Jeremy W Jacobs, Nabajyoti Choudhury, Satyam Arora, Aikaj Jindal, Nidhi Bhatnagar, Abhishekh Basavarajegowda, Shamee Shastry, Tulika Chandra, David Daniel, Steven J Drews and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vox sanguinis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jeremy W JacobsDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-9685
Nabajyoti ChoudhuryDibrugarh Cancer Centre, Assam Cancer Care Foundation, Dibrugarh, India.
Satyam AroraDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Child Health (PGICH), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9048-5624
Aikaj JindalDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, Mohandai Oswal Hospital, Ludhiana, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-5388
Nidhi BhatnagarDepartment of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad, India.
Abhishekh BasavarajegowdaDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8801-708X
Shamee ShastryDepartment of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9796-2326
Tulika ChandraDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6807-1759
David DanielDivision of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9670-1917
Steven J DrewsMedical Microbiology & Surveillance and Discovery Laboratory, Donation Policy and Studies, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-1109
Evan M BlochDivision of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8181-9517

Funding

The Malaria Transfusion Risk (MATRix) StudyK23HL151826 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BLOCH, EVAN MARTIN · 2020 to 2024
$882k
NHLBI NIH HHS 1K23HL151826NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL151826
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesMalaria still poses a public health burden in India despite ongoing elimination efforts. Blood donor screening for malaria is mandated in India, yet data on transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) are lacking. We sought to evaluate testing practices for malaria, associated rates of positivity in donors and reported cases of TTM in India. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of blood collection facilities in India from May to September 2025. Facilities were recruited through professional networks and direct outreach; responses were de-identified. Data were collected on screening practices, malaria endemicity, quality control measures and TTM cases from 2020 to 2024.

resultsAmong 262 facilities, 256 (97.7%) reported routine malaria screening of all donations, most commonly using antigen rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) (228/256, 89.1%). From 2020 to 2024, facilities tested 9,275,688 donations, with 1231 confirmed positive donations (overall 13.27 per 100,000 units) and a rising annual positivity rate from 3.4 to 22.0 per 100,000 units. Only eight facilities (3.1%) reported TTM cases, and less than half of facilities (116/256, 45.3%) participated in external quality assessment (EQA) and/or performed lookback investigations (88/262, 33.6%).

conclusionIn this national survey sample in India, almost all facilities reported routine malaria screening of blood donations, mostly using RDT. The findings suggest that rates of donor positivity may have increased, yet TTM is under-recognized and/or unreported. Strengthening EQA and haemovigilance, particularly in malaria endemic regions, is needed to safeguard the blood supply, particularly as India strives towards malaria elimination.

Indexed as

Blood DonorsMalariaTransfusion ReactionBlood DonationCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndiaMaleSurveys and Questionnairesblood donorblood safetyhaemovigilanceIndiainfectious diseasemalariaPlasmodiumrapid diagnostic testtransfusion‐transmitted infection

Identifiers

PMID41906713
PMCPMC13356988

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.