ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026
Solvent-Mediated Reactivity Control of Lewis-Paired Dopants as a Versatile Strategy for Tunable and Stable Doping of Organic Semiconductors.
Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Lewis pairing between existing dopant molecules offers great potential for developing new organic dopants with exceptional doping strength and stability. However, the high reactivity of Lewis-paired dopants complicates doping-level control, while the use of non-orthogonal solvents can damage organic semiconductor (OSC) films, hindering device applications. Here, the dopant reactivity is controlled by regulating the association-dissociation kinetics among pairing dopants and solvent molecules, which are strongly influenced by solvent polarity. In highly polar solvents, Lewis acid-solvent adducts predominantly form, suppressing the generation of Lewis-paired dopants. As solvent polarity decreases, the dissociation rate of the Lewis acid-solvent adduct increases, establishing a dynamic equilibrium between the Lewis acid and the solvent and thereby optimizing reactivity. Consequently, the optimally processed Lewis-paired dopant enables efficient doping of various OSCs with finely tunable doping levels, simultaneously achieving a high thermoelectric power factor (170 µW m
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