Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41906027›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

CXCL12 and eotaxin are independent prognostic serum biomarkers in gastric cancer.

Jefim Brodkin, Tuomas Kaprio, Harri Mustonen, Alli Leppä, Arto Kokkola, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen, Caj Haglund, Camilla Böckelman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jefim BrodkinTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029, Helsinki, Finland. jefim.brodkin@helsinki.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-3301
Tuomas KaprioTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
Harri MustonenTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
Alli LeppäDepartment of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Arto KokkolaDepartment of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Marko SalmiMediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Sirpa JalkanenMediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Caj HaglundTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
Camilla BöckelmanTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 340, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its poor prognosis primarily results from a late diagnosis and the lack of effective treatments for advanced disease. Thus, we aimed to identify new prognostic serum biomarkers to aid clinical decision-making. Our patient cohort consisted of 240 individuals who underwent surgery for histologically verified gastric adenocarcinoma in the Department of Surgery at Helsinki University Hospital between 2000 and 2009. To determine the serum protein concentrations of cytokines and growth factors, we utilized Bio-Rad’s premixed Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine 27- and 21-plex assay kits. Among the 48 biomarkers we analyzed, three emerged as statistically significant prognostic markers for disease-specific survival using the Cox proportional hazards univariate analysis: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–0.63, p < 0.001), stem cell factor (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.19–0.77, p = 0.007), and eotaxin (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.89, p = 0.013). Our multivariate survival analysis revealed that, among the 48 biomarkers analyzed, CXCL12 and eotaxin served as independent prognostic markers among gastric cancer patients. The prognostic effect of inflammatory serum biomarkers in gastric cancer may provide new insights into the immunological microenvironment of disease.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaBiomarkers, TumorChemokine CCL11Chemokine CXCL12Stomach NeoplasmsAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsBiomarkers, TumorCCL11 protein, humanChemokine CCL11Chemokine CXCL12CXCL12 protein, humanCXCL12EotaxinGastric cancerSCFSurvival

Identifiers

PMID41906027
PMCPMC13039986

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.