ArticleScientific reports2026
Antioxidant, anticoccidial, and toxicological evaluation of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts against Eimeria spp.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The plants Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina are widely used in traditional medicine for their biological properties, but their antioxidant and anticoccidial activities and toxicological profile remain poorly documented. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant potential, anticoccidial efficacy against Eimeria magna and Eimeria media, phytochemical composition, and toxicity of aqueous and hydroacetonic extracts from their leaf. Aqueous and hydroacetonic leaf extracts of both plants were prepared and quantified for their polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The anticoccidial activity of graded extract concentrations was evaluated against Eimeria oocysts and sporozoites. Toxicity was assessed through lethality tests on Artemia salina larvae and clinical evaluations in rats. The extracts of V. amygdalina leaf exhibited stronger antioxidant and anticoccidial activities than those of O. gratissimum. hydroacetonic extracts of both plants showed lower EC₅₀ values (O. gratissimum: 51.2 ± 5.59 µg/mL; V. amygdalina: 67.15 ± 3.29 µg/mL) compared with the aqueous extracts. In anti-oocyst assays, hydroacetonic extracts of V. amygdalina inhibited the sporulation of E. magna oocysts by up to 91% at 40 mg/mL (p < 0.05). Toxicity assays indicated no lethality in A. salina and no major histopathological alterations in rats. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that O. gratissimum and V. amygdalina extracts possess significant antioxidant and anticoccidial activities while exhibiting low toxicity, supporting their potential application in natural antioxidant and anticoccidial therapies. These results suggest that extracts of O. gratissimum and V. amygdalina have strong potential as natural antioxidants and anticoccidials with good biocompatibility, paving the way for their use in sustainable coccidiosis control strategies in livestock farming.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.