SynthesisJournal of clinical periodontology2026
Dental Biofilm-Induced Gingivitis in Children and Adolescents Without Known Systemic Involvement: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical periodontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Relationship Between Orthodontic Malocclusion Severity and Periodontal Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploratory Grouping Along a Shared Oral-Health Burden Continuum in Children and Adolescents: An Age-Stratified Cluster Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents: Consensus Report.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Article
- Gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions in children and adolescents: consensus report.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo synthesize evidence on gingival diseases and conditions in children and adolescents (< 18 years) without known systemic disorder involvement, focusing on their distribution, aetiology, diagnosis, management and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). MATERIALS AND
methodsA systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines, including PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE and LILACS, up to January 2025. Clinical trials and observational studies addressing gingival diseases or conditions in healthy individuals under 18 years were included.
resultsThe search identified 33,180 studies. Title and abstract screening narrowed these to 2264, of which 433 were full-text-reviewed. Ultimately, 269 studies, all restricted to biofilm-induced gingivitis, were included. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in diagnostic criteria and study quality. Dental biofilm-induced gingivitis was common (52%) and associated with poorer OHRQoL. Key determinants for gingival inflammation included socioeconomic status, oral hygiene behaviours, pubertal changes and malocclusion. Based on current evidence, effective management of gingivitis in children should combine supervised toothbrushing with a fluoridated toothpaste and school- or caregiver-based oral health education. Adjunctive use of chlorhexidine may provide additional benefit in certain clinical situations.
conclusionDental biofilm-induced gingivitis is frequent among children and adolescents and influenced by numerous determinants. Prevention and treatment should emphasise accessible, behaviour-focused and education-based strategies for biofilm control.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.