ArticleJournal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
A cross-sectional study of prescribing rates for SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists among primary care clinics with and without embedded pharmacists.
Article in Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are cardio- and kidney-protective, yet their uptake in clinical practice has been suboptimal. The association between pharmacists embedded in primary care clinics and prescribing rates of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA is unknown.
objectiveTo compare the prescribing rates of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA among primary care clinics with and without embedded pharmacists.
methodsA cross-sectional study using electronic health record data from Bon Secours Mercy Health outpatient clinics across Virginia (2019, 2020, and 2021) included patients ≥18 year old with type 2 diabetes and either cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure (HF), or chronic kidney disease (CKD), and ≥1 outpatient visit. Adults with type 1 diabetes, CKD stage 4/5, end-stage kidney disease, on dialysis, pregnant, or on hospice or palliative care were excluded. Overall and condition-specific prescribing rates were compared between the 8 clinics with embedded pharmacists vs. 5 matched clinics without pharmacists using generalized linear mixed modeling with a random practice-level effect.
resultsThe 6377 included patients had a mean age of 68.6 years, 49.8% were female, 36.8% were Black, and 73.2% were Medicare beneficiaries. The overall raw prescribing rate was higher at clinics with embedded pharmacists (16.2%) vs. those without (13.8%), and for patients with ASCVD or CKD, but not HF, though this difference did not reach statistical significance when adjusting only for the pharmacist group (P = 0.76) or after adjusting for age, sex, race, and insurance coverage (P = 0.49). Factors associated with higher prescribing rates included being older, male, or commercially insured.
conclusionPrescribing rates for SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA were numerically higher in primary care clinics with embedded pharmacists than those without; however, the difference was not statistically significant.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.