Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41904541›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2026

Bronchoscopic removal of lower airway foreign body: a two-center retrospective cohort study.

Shogo Toyama, Kenichiro Kudo, Kohei Fujita, Yuki Takigawa, Hiromi Watanabe, Issei Oi, Osamu Kanai, Ken Sato, Keiichi Fujiwara, Kiminobu Tanizawa and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shogo ToyamaDivision of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto-City, Kyoto, Japan.
Kenichiro KudoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan.
Kohei FujitaDivision of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto-City, Kyoto, Japan. kfujita.acd@gmail.com.
Yuki TakigawaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan.
Hiromi WatanabeDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan.
Issei OiDivision of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto-City, Kyoto, Japan.
Osamu KanaiDivision of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto-City, Kyoto, Japan.
Ken SatoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan.
Keiichi FujiwaraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan.
Kiminobu TanizawaDivision of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto-City, Kyoto, Japan.
Satoru SawaiDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTracheobronchial foreign body (FB) aspiration is a life-threatening condition, particularly in older adults. Despite its clinical significance, research on the etiology of adult FB aspiration, as well as real-world outcomes and complications associated with FB removal　in lower airways, remains limited. PATIENTS AND

methodsThis was a two-center retrospective cohort study in Japan. We included adult patients aged 18 years or older who underwent bronchoscopic FB removal between April 2010 and March 2025.

resultsA total of 28 patients were included in this analysis (mean age, 75.4 years [median age: 75 years]; range, 55–102 years). Nineteen patients (67.9%) were male. The most frequently reported symptoms were coughing (46.4%), sputum production (39.3%), and dyspnea (17.9%). A total of 30 FBs were identified, with dental prostheses (60.0%) being the most common type, followed by natural teeth (10.0%). FBs were slightly more common on the right side (53.3%) than on the left side (43.3%), with the right lower lobe being the most frequent site of lodgement (30.0%), followed by the left lower lobe (20.7%). The most frequently bronchoscopic findings were mucosal edema (36.7%) and bleeding (26.7%). FB removal was performed using flexible bronchoscopy in 26 patients (92.9), with the exception of two cases (7.1%) in which rigid bronchoscopy was employed. Bronchoscopy was performed in the endoscopy room for 21 patients (75.0%). Among the 28 patients, standard forceps were used in 24 (85.7%), followed by basket forceps, which was employed in 10 patients (35.7%). FB removal was successful in 26 (92.9%) patients. Regarding adverse events, hypoxia was the only complication observed, occurring in 18 patients (64.3%); no other adverse events were reported.

conclusionsMost FB in the lower airways can be successfully and safely removed via flexible bronchoscopy.

Indexed as

BronchiBronchoscopyForeign BodiesTracheaAgedAged, 80 and overDyspneaFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAging populationAirway foreign bodyAirway stenosisAspirationFlexible bronchoscopy

Identifiers

PMID41904541
PMCPMC13151087

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.