ArticleBMC public health2026
The development and validation of the prediabetes-related stress scale (PRSS) for adults with prediabetes in the United States.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetes prevention efforts involve lifestyle changes and, increasingly, stress reduction efforts. However, we lack a measure to assess the stress associated with living with prediabetes, a high-risk state of type 2 diabetes. We developed a novel scale, the Prediabetes-Related Stress Scale (PRSS) and assessed the reliability and validity of the newly developed scale among Latino adults in the United States (US).
methodsConducted a cross-sectional study from December 2024 to March 2025 with English and Spanish speaking Latino adults (18 + years old) in the US (n = 442) at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine factor structure, reliability testing, convergent validity, and measurement invariance testing for English and Spanish versions of the PRSS.
resultsParticipants’ mean age was 46 years old, 54% responded in English, and 57% were women. EFA results supported scale reduction from 29 items to 21 items, and a three-factor model. Reliability was excellent (composite reliability = 0.95). Model fit was appropriate. Convergent validity was achieved between PRSS, acute stress (r = 0.50), and psychological distress (r = 0.65). Configural and metric invariance were achieved across language, however, scalar invariance evidence was mixed.
conclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence of the validity and reliability of a newly developed scale focused on prediabetes-related stress. Further validation and use of the PRSS can support the person-centered care that considers patient needs and preferences to guide clinical decisions and reduce diabetes disparities.
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