ArticleBMC plant biology2026
Phosphorus-driven rhizobial community assembly underpins superior nitrogen fixation efficiency in high-oil soybean.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Phosphorus (P) supply plays a critical role in regulating symbiotic nitrogen (N) acquisition in soybeans, yet the mechanisms underlying varietal differences between high-oil and non-high-oil varieties remain poorly understood. This study investigated the varietal-specific mechanisms of phosphorus supply intensity on plant nitrogen acquisition via rhizobial community restructuring using two high-oil (Kenong 18, Kenong 39) and two non-high-oil varieties (Heihe 43, Longken 310) under five phosphorus levels (0, 35, 70, 105, 140 kg·hm− 2). The results showed that high-oil varieties exhibited superior growth performance and nitrogen acquisition efficiency at 105 kg·hm− 2 phosphorus supply, with increases of 20.0% in plant height, 4.1% in shoot dry weight and 18.0% in root dry weight versus controls. Nodule number, dry weight and haemoglobin content increased by 83.0%, 30.0% and 33.0%, respectively, in high-oil genotypes. Enhanced nitrogen metabolism was evidenced by significantly elevated GOGAT/GS activities (9.3–17.1%) and leaf total nitrogen content. Crucially, under optimal phosphorus conditions, high-oil varieties enriched specific nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, such as Bradyrhizobium sp. 173_3_module and Rhizobium sp., and exhibited stronger correlations between community structure and soil available phosphorus (AP), along with a predicted greater potential for nitrogen acquisition and aerobic chemoheterotrophy. This study demonstrates that optimal phosphorus supply enhances symbiotic nitrogen acquisition efficiency in high-oil soybeans by driving the assembly of more specialized rhizobial communities, providing microbial mechanistic insights for varietal-specific phosphorus management in soybean cultivation.
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